The U.S. House approved the “Graham bill” (262–159) following an earlier Senate vote (86–11), sending the sweeping package to President Donald Trump to sign into law.

The bill targets Russian officials, financial institutions, and “shadow fleet” oil tankers evading existing curbs. It also authorizes President Trump to slap tariffs of up to 100% on major buyers of Russian oil and gas.

Ukraine views escalating economic costs as the only viable mechanism to compel Moscow into genuine peace negotiations. The legislation complements Ukraine’s physical strikes against Russian energy infrastructure with secondary economic pressure.

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov condemned the measure as an “unfriendly action,” warning that further U.S. sanctions would complicate diplomatic efforts toward a peace settlement.

The legislation grants broad presidential discretion regarding waivers and enforcement, leaving the actual real-world impact dependent on how aggressively the Trump administration chooses to implement the penalties versus relying purely on personal diplomacy.